• Budgeting and Planning
• The Budget and the Functions of Management
• Budget as a Planning Tool
• Budgets and the Key Financial Statements
• Top-Down versus Bottom-Up Process
• Budget Cycle, Process and Approaches
• The Budget Cycle

Module-II

• The Characteristics of Successful Budgeting
• Making the Budget a Value-Added Activity
• Top Ten Problems with Budgeting
• Choosing the Proper Budgeting Approach:
• Incremental Budgeting
• Zero-Based Budgeting
• Flexible Budgeting
• Kaizen Budgeting
• Activity-Based Budgeting

Module-III

• Rolling (Continuous) Budgets and Forecasts
• The Master Budget and its Components
• Operating and Capital Budgets
• Best Practices in Budgeting
• Creating a User-Friendly Template
• Forecasting Techniques
• Forecasting Models
• Qualitative and Quantitative Methods
• Steps in Developing Forecast Models

Module-IV

• Time Series and Trend Analysis
• Data Conditioning Techniques
• Exponential Smoothing and Moving Averages
• Simple and Multiple Regression Analysis
• Advanced Capital Budgeting Evaluation Techniques
• Business Risk and Cost of Capital
• Classifying Investment Projects
• Cash Flow Estimation
• Analysing Investment and Operating Cash Flows
• Time Value of Money Concept

Module-V

• The Required Rate of Return
• Net Present Value (NPV)
• Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
• Multiple Internal Rates of Return
• Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR)
• Profitability Index (PI)
• Pay-Back Period and Discounted Pay-Back Period
• Capital Rationing
• Comparing and Evaluating Techniques

Module-VI

• Sensitivity and Risk Analysis
• Breakeven Analysis and Optimization Techniques
• Cost Volume Profit (CVP) Analysis
• Using CVP to Reach a Target Income
• Single Product and Multiple Products Breakeven Analysis
• Working with Budget Constraints
• Building Optimization Models
• Management Budget Reports
• Tracking the Budgets
• Budget as a Control Tool
• Variance Analysis